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PERSPECTIVES


Speaker: Michala Malát, PE

Topic: Self assessment tool for early lung cancer diagnosis

Institution: Johnson & Johnson Czech Republic

E- mail: mmalat@its.jnj.com

PDF


Development of New Fluorescent Probes and Visible Light-Activatable Systems

Petr Klán

Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic

e-mail: klan@sci.muni.cz

Small organic fluorophores are frequently used as molecular probes in biological sciences, organic synthesis, nanotechnology, or surface sciences. Thermal and photochemical stability, water solubility, large molar absorption coefficients, and high quantum yields of fluorescence are the major requirements for the design of new fluorescent molecules. Large Stokes shifts, allowing imaging without substantial loss of fluorescence intensity due to self-quenching and measurement errors, are of particular importance. Several new fluorophores with unique optical properties will be introduced in the lecture.

Short-wavelength UV radiation is not compatible with many biological applications because it can induce adverse side-reactions of many biomolecules. The presence of endogenous chromophores and optical scattering limits the depth of the tissue penetration by visible light. The applicable wavelength range known as a tissue-transparent or phototherapeutic window is limited by the absorption of hemoglobin below 600 nm and absorption of water over 900 nm. The synthesis, photoreaction mechanisms, spectroscopy and biological applications of new photoactivatable systems activatable by light of these wavelengths developed in our laboratory will be presented.

 


Speaker: Martin Sobotka, M.D.

Topic: Prospective Database of International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer

Institution. Department of Surgery, Trauma Hospital Brno (UNB) Ponavka 6, 662 50 Brno

E-mail: ma.so@volny.cz

Abstract

Sobotka M1, Savolt J1,Chasaková D2, Kantorova I1, Havlicková J1, Racek T3 , Spelda S4,Vesely K5 a Horvath T6,7.

1 Department of Surgery, Trauma Hospital Brno (UNB) Ponavka 6, 662 50 Brno

2 Imaging Centre UN Brno, Ponavka 6, 662 50 Brno

3 Department of Anestesiology, Resuscitation, and Intensive Medicine Faculty Hospital Brno Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, 625 00 Brno

4 Department of Comprehensive Onological Care of Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno

5 First Institute of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University at St. Anna Infirmary Pekarská 53, 656 91 Brno

6 Department of Surgery Faculty Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavska 20, 625 00 Brno

7 CBC Vznik Initiative THORaxUN, Zahradnikova 2-8, 611 41 CZ Brno EU

Objective

To inform about IASLC (International Association for Study of Lung Cancer) prospective database - a global activity intended to refine diagnosis and therapy of lung cancer.

Introduction

IASLC is collecting data to create an international multicentre prospective database intended to verify accuracy and legitimacy of changes in 8th edition of TNM classification of lung cancer and to prepare background for the 9th edition using the IASLC-2009 nodal map and unified classification of lymph node stations with newly established zones concept. UN has became part of this project.

Material and method

Patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer and operated on in thorax programme of Trauma Hospital Brno together with Initiative THORaxUN with signed agreement about using their data for the IASLC database project.

Histopathology findings are classified according to the 8th edition of TNM classification of lung cancer and the IASLC-2009 nodal map.

On-line form with encrypted patients´ data constitutes a connection for data transfer to Cancer Research and Biostatistics (CRAB) institute that was selected by IASLC committee to provide secure data storage and processing.

Form / database structure is as follows:

Patient characteristics - encrypted

Pre-Treatment/Evaluative Laboratory Values

Multiple Synchronous Primaries

Disease Description at Diagnosis

Basis for Pre-Treatment/Evaluative Findings

Treatments

T-Descriptors, by Pre-Treatment/Evaluative Findings

Pre-Treatment/Evaluative N Category based on Clinical and Imaging Results

Pre-Treatment/Evaluative N Category based on Cytology and Biopsy Results

Pre-Treatment/Evaluative Findings

T-Descriptors, by Post-Surgical/Pathological Findings

Additional Nodules, by Post-Surgical/Pathological Findings

M-Descriptors, No Attempt to Resect Primary Tumour

M-Descriptors Before and After Attempted Resection of the Primary Tumour

Follow-Up

It is also possible to enter data from existing databases if they are compatible with the database/on-line form and complete.

Results

THORaxUN Initiative and Dept. of Surgery Trauma Hospital (UNB) joined the project in January 2015. Patients from Surgery Dep. of UNB operated on for newly diagnosed lung tumours are included into the hospital database and their data is transferred via the on-line form for processing in CRAB. Subjects participating in this IASLC database project were offered basic statistical processing of their data and access to the whole database data after IASCL Committee permission and under IASLC Committee conditions.

That should enable even smaller participants to improve their diagnostic and therapeutic processes and also access more data for their scientific work.

Conclusion

Lung cancer belongs to the most common tumour worldwide with high human toll and enormous financial burden. Thus any effort to improve the classification resulting in better diagnosis and therapy optimisation seems to be well justified.


Keywords: Lung Cancer; IASLC; Staging; Database; Nodal Map.

Short Title: PDB IASLC

 


Speaker: Stanislav Spelda, M.D.

Topic: Possibilities in early detection of lung cancer

Institution: Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic

E-mail:sspelda@centrum.cz

Abstract

Lung cancer belongs among the most frequent malignancy. The portion of patients being diagnosed in the early stages I or II remains unsatisfactory low reaching under 20%. Lung cancer screening should lead to diagnosing the cancer in earlier stage which will lead to curative treatment. The screening program should be performed according to a systematic, structured, standardized and validated protocol, and the quality of the performance must be monitored continuously. National Lung Cancer Screening Trial was multicentered randomized trial in the USA since 2002 to 2004. The trial randomized 53 454 participants with heavy risk for lung cancer. These persons smoked 35 pack/years or quit smoking ≤ 15 years before enrollment. The participants were randomized between low dose CT or chest radiography. The screening examinations were performed 3 times yearly. There were 247 deaths from lung cancer per 100,000 person-years in the low-dose CT group and 309 deaths per 100,000 person-years in the radiography group, representing a relative reduction in mortality from lung cancer with low-dose CT screening of 20.0% (95% CI, 6.8 to 26.7; P=0.004). The rate of death from any cause was reduced in the low-dose CT group, as compared with the radiography group, by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2 to 13.6; P=0.02). On the base of these results there is an recommendation for the implementation of lung cancer screening in Europe because the low-dose CT lung screening has the potential to save lives.